A. Review of Geometrical Optics
1. Laws of reflection and refraction
2. Properties of mirrors, lenses, and prisms
3. Total internal reflection
4. Aberrations of lenses and mirrors
5. Velocity of light
B. Review of Wave Phenomena
1. Wave equation, superposition of waves
2. Simple harmonic waves, amplitude and intensity
3. Fourier analysis
4. Addition of two simple harmonic motions at right angles
C. Interference
1. Young's experiment, Fresnel's biprism, Lloyd's mirror, Fresnel's mirrors
2. Michelson interferometer and its uses
3. Multiple reflections: films, Newton's rings
4. Fabry - Perot interferometer and its applications
D. Diffraction
1. Fraunhofer diffraction: single slit, double slit, circular aperture
2. Chromatic resolving power of a prism
3. Resolving power of a telescope and a microscope
4. Diffraction gratings: plane and curved gratings, spectra, resolving power
5. Fresnel diffraction: Half period zones, circular aperture, circular obstacle, zone plate, Cornu's spiral, Fresnel's integral
E. Electromagnetic Character of Light
l. Equations for plane electromagnetic waves and classification of optical spectra
2. Polarization of light: Brewster's Law, polarization by reflection, Law of Malus
*3. Double refraction
*4. Nicol prism
5. Polarization by scattering
F. Lasers
1. Resonance radiation and metastable states
2. Stimulated emission
3. Ruby Laser and helium-neon laser
4. Coherent length, frequency doubling
5. Holography
*G. Magneto-Optics and Electro-Optics
1. Zeeman effect
2. Faraday effect
3. Kerr. Magnets - optic and electro-optic effect
4. Stark effect
5. Pockel's electro-optic effect
(*denotes optional topic)
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